Leaf traits can be used to elucidate vegetation functional responses to global climate change.Pigments, water and leaf mass per area are the most used traits.However, detailed anatomical traits such as leaf thickness, the thickness of palisade and spongy parenchyma are often neglected, although they affect leaf physiological function and optical pr
Abstract The 2010 M W 7.2 El Mayor-Cucapah, Mexico, earthquake ruptured multiple faults with different faulting mechanisms.Resolving the earthquake rupture process and its relation to the geometric fault complexities is critical to our understanding of the earthquake source physics, but doing so by conventional finite-fault inversion is challenging
This article reports the need for an inlet approach profile in front of the turbine system for the newly developed vertical ultra-low head needles turbine applicable on channel flow section without dropped bed level.The fixed wall available in the conceptualization stage was found to act as a barrier to a certain level disturbing the flow towards t
We consider flows on a closed surface with one or more heteroclinic cycles that divide the surface into two regions.One of the region has gradient dynamics, like Morse fields.The other region has Hamiltonian dynamics generated by Frames the field of the skew gradient of the simple Morse function.We construct the complete topological invariant of th
Objectives: This study aimed to investe the impact of pain on older people with chronic pain.Methods & Materials: Participants were 585 individuals (n=77 aged 60 years andover, n=508 aged Lessthan 60 years old) with chronic pain in their leg, back, hands, neck and shoulders.The main assessment measure was the West Haven-Yale Multidimensional Pain I